Publication ethic

Jurnal Bisnis Administrasi dan Manajemen (ALBAMA) follows the principles of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE), including its Code of Conduct and Best Practice Guidelines for Journal Editors and Publishers. The journal is committed to maintaining integrity, transparency, and ethical standards to support responsible research practices and credible knowledge dissemination.

The following sections summarize key ethical responsibilities. For complete guidance, stakeholders are encouraged to consult the official COPE documentation.


1. Duties of Editors

1.1 Fair Play and Editorial Independence

Editors evaluate manuscripts solely on academic merit—originality, significance, methodological validity, clarity, and relevance to the journal’s scope—without discrimination based on personal, institutional, or ideological characteristics. Editorial decisions are independent of external influence. The Editor-in-Chief has full authority over editorial content and publication timing.

1.2 Confidentiality

Editors and editorial staff do not disclose information about submitted manuscripts to anyone other than the corresponding author, reviewers, editorial advisors, or the publisher, as appropriate.

1.3 Disclosure and Conflicts of Interest

Editors must not use unpublished material for personal research without written author consent. Editors with conflicts of interest will recuse themselves and assign the manuscript to another qualified editor.

1.4 Publication Decisions

All manuscripts are subject to peer review by at least two experts. Publication decisions are based on scholarly merit, reviewer recommendations, and legal and ethical considerations, including plagiarism and copyright.

1.5 Involvement in Investigations

Editors will respond to ethical concerns using COPE Flowcharts. Confirmed misconduct may result in correction, retraction, or expression of concern, regardless of when the issue is discovered.


2. Duties of Reviewers

2.1 Contribution to Editorial Decisions

Peer review supports editorial decisions and helps authors improve manuscript quality. Reviewers are expected to contribute responsibly to this process.

2.2 Promptness

Reviewers who are unqualified or unable to review within the required timeframe should promptly decline the invitation.

2.3 Confidentiality

Manuscripts under review are confidential documents and must not be disclosed or discussed without editorial authorization.

2.4 Objectivity

Reviews must be objective, constructive, and supported by clear arguments. Personal criticism is inappropriate.

2.5 Acknowledgment of Sources

Reviewers should identify relevant uncited work and inform editors of any substantial similarity or overlap.

2.6 Conflicts of Interest

Reviewers must disclose conflicts of interest and decline review when such conflicts exist. Unpublished information must not be used for personal advantage.


3. Duties of Authors

3.1 Reporting Standards

Authors must present accurate, complete, and transparent accounts of their research. Fraudulent or misleading statements are unethical.

3.2 Data Access and Retention

Authors may be asked to provide raw data and should retain data for at least 10 years, subject to ethical and legal constraints.

3.3 Originality and Plagiarism

Submitted manuscripts must be original. Proper citation is required for all sources. Plagiarism in any form is unacceptable.

3.4 Multiple or Redundant Publication

Manuscripts must not be under consideration elsewhere. Legitimate secondary publication requires agreement from all parties and proper citation of the primary source.

3.5 Authorship

Authorship is limited to individuals who have made significant scholarly contributions and approved the final manuscript.

3.6 Conflicts of Interest

Authors must disclose all financial and non-financial conflicts of interest and funding sources.

3.7 Acknowledgment of Sources

All influential works and privately obtained information must be properly acknowledged with permission where required.

3.8 Peer Review Cooperation

Authors must cooperate fully during peer review and respond to revision requests systematically and on time.

3.9 Fundamental Errors

Authors must promptly notify the journal of significant errors and cooperate in corrections or retractions.

3.10 SAGER Guidelines

Authors are encouraged to apply the SAGER (Sex and Gender Equity in Research) guidelines where relevant and to report sex and gender considerations transparently.


4. Duties of the Publisher

4.1 Handling Unethical Publishing Behavior

The publisher, in collaboration with editors, will investigate alleged misconduct and take corrective action, including retraction when necessary.

4.2 Access and Preservation

The publisher ensures long-term accessibility and preservation of published content through digital archiving.


5. Ethics, Accountability, and Transparency

Editors, reviewers, and authors must disclose conflicts of interest, act impartially, and maintain transparency in research methods, data, and reporting.


6. Artificial Intelligence (AI)

ALBAMA does not recognize AI tools or Large Language Models (LLMs) as authors. AI-generated content may be used only as a tool and must be transparently disclosed. Authors remain fully responsible for manuscript content.

  1. Editors can only use AI for plagiarism detection; editorial decisions remain human-based.
  2. Reviewers are not permitted to use generative AI for manuscript evaluation.

  3. Authors must disclose any use of AI and explain its purpose and limitations.


7. Retractions

7.1 Retraction Criteria

Retractions apply in cases of unreliable findings, plagiarism, duplicate publication, major errors, unethical research, legal violations, or compromised peer review.

7.2 Retraction Process

Retractions may be initiated by authors, editors, publishers, or credible third parties. Investigations are conducted by the Editor-in-Chief in consultation with the editorial board.

7.3 Retraction Notice

Retraction notices are clearly labeled, permanently accessible, linked to all versions of the article, and state the reason for retraction. Notices are also reported to ANJANI, Indonesia’s academic integrity platform.

7.4 Post-Retraction

Retracted articles remain accessible with a visible retraction watermark and updated metadata.